In 1873, Church of England curate Samuel Barnett and his wife Henrietta settled in the squalor of London's East End. Their response to the suffering they saw was to urge Britain's most privileged sons and daughters to live and work among the country's most destitute.
In 1884, Toynbee Hall, Britain's first settlement, opened in the heart of Whitechapel. Over the next few years, hundreds of settlements were established. Some of the most enduring ideas in social policy sprang from the settlements, including youth clubs, juvenile courts and Citizens Advice.
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