The guidance, drawn up by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Prisons (HMIP) forms the basis for inspection criteria, reflecting best practice developed by the service's specialist juvenile inspection team.
It features sections covering expectations for such things as arrival in custody, child protection, bullying, self-harm, healthcare and resettlement.
Anne Owers, HM chief inspector of prisons, said: "There are over 2,000 children and young people growing up in our prisons.
"That number, size and type of establishments where most of them are held, are rightly matters of concern.
"However, while they are there, they need to be held in settings that offer care, support, challenge and change.
"These expectations set out the building blocks that are necessary to create those environments."
The document is a revision of a 2005 report setting out inspection criteria specifically for children and young people in prison.
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