Analysis of more than 11,000 seven-year-olds across the UK found a significant gap between children of parents in professional and managerial jobs and those with parents who were long-term unemployed.
Allowing for other factors such as ethnicity and family size, the children of professionals and managers were found to, on average, be at least eight months ahead of pupils from the most socially disadvantaged backgrounds at age seven.
The report also found that parents' social class, recorded when their child was aged three, had a bigger influence on progress between ages five and seven than other parenting practices, including daily reading with a child.
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