The Strategic Review of Health Inequalities in England Post-2010, led by Sir Michael Marmot, also calls for paid parental leave in the first year of life, linked to a minimum income for healthy living.
Meanwhile parenting programmes, children's centres and key workers delivering help via outreach work are highlighted as ways of providing routine support to families.
The review found that people in England's poorest areas live an average of seven years less than those in the richest ones.
The review said: "Investing in the early years, thereby improving early cognitive and non-cognitive development and children's readiness for school, is vital for later educational outcomes.
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