The book was particularly important for students studying education and the social sciences. It explored the link between the bureaucratisation of society and the "schooling" of pupils. The result was confusion - of teaching with learning, accreditation with competence and grade advancement with education. Illich drew on his experience as a Catholic priest in an Irish-Puerto Rican parish in New York City to develop his core argument: that schools had failed to educate for life and had created divisive, discriminatory and unequal structures. The argument is illustrated with examples from Latin America and the US.
His view was that the drop-out rate of students and teachers from schools indicated a grass-root demand for teaching and learning to be organised differently.
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