The boy, who was 15 at the time of the attack, pleaded guilty last week to raping the teacher in an inner London school last September.
But it emerged that he had been on bail for an alleged knifepoint robbery at the time.
A spokeswoman for the Secondary Heads Association said information typically "flowed one way" from the school to the police but not in the other direction.
But she hoped the Children Act and the establishment of information sharing and assessment databases would make it easier to share data.
The Metropolitan Police said it would "work closely with our partners to see if there are any lessons that need to be learned".
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