"Everyone was on a high. They were ready to protect their community. The stories were coming in from Burnley and Oldham and we didn't want that to happen in our area," he reflects.
It was Tuesday 7 July 2001, and the then 17-year-old Kumran went to Bradford town centre to a rally against a National Front march which, in the end, never materialised.
Home Secretary David Blunkett banned the march. But before news filtered through, crowds had gathered and an Anti-Nazi League rally had begun. After a group of Asian men taunted white drinkers in a pub, a fracas started, mayhem drifted to the outskirts of town and the rest is another unfortunate chapter in Manningham's chequered history of deprivation and urban blight (see panel).
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